Author: Molly Lindquist
Medically reviewed by Dr. Doug Blayney on December 22, 2024.
Introduction
Cold and flu season can be a challenge for anyone, but for those dealing with breast cancer or its aftermath, it’s even more critical to prioritize health. Whether you’re a cancer patient, a survivor, or a caregiver, staying well during this time can feel like a monumental task. While it’s not always possible to completely avoid getting sick, there are steps you can take to minimize your risk and manage your health.
Want to connect with support to help you through the cancer experience? Click here to learn more about Your Cancer GPS™, our step-by-step guide to help you navigate the cancer experience and find the support your need from diagnosis to living with “the new normal” after treatment. Learn more here.
Common Symptoms of Cold and Flu
Recognizing the symptoms of a cold or flu early is key to addressing it promptly and preventing it from worsening. Common symptoms include:
- Feeling unusually tired or fatigued
- Sneezing
- Coughing
- A runny nose
- Muscle aches
- A sore or scratchy throat
- Watery or irritated eyes
- Headaches
- A low-grade fever (1 to 2 degrees higher than normal)
- Chills
While these symptoms might seem minor, they can be more severe for someone whose immune system is compromised. For individuals with breast cancer, even a mild illness can have significant consequences, so being aware of these signs is crucial.
Another potential problem is confusing symptoms of a cold and flu with the symptoms of “neutropenic fever.” Neutropenic fever is an elevated temperature when the white blood cells (“Neturophils”) are low after chemotherapy. Neutropenic fever can be a sign of a serious bacterial infection, which will not clear without treatment. For most chemotherapies, the white blood cell count is lowest 5-8 days after the chemotherapy infusion, even if a white blood cell booster such as neupogen or neulasta is part of the chemotherapy. So, if you develop flu like symptoms, including fever after chemotherapy, it’s important to contact your cancer care team to help you sort out the right course.
Understanding the Risks of Cold and Flu for Cancer Patients
Cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation can weaken the immune system, leaving the body more vulnerable to infections like colds and the flu. Even after treatment ends, it may take time for the immune system to fully recover.
This weakened immunity means that infections can escalate quickly and may be harder to treat. Beyond the typical symptoms, cancer patients should watch for:
- Persistent fever (meaning a temperature over 100.5 for more than a day)
- Difficulty breathing
- Worsening fatigue or weakness
- Dehydration or inability to keep fluids down
If any of these occur, it’s important to seek medical attention promptly. Early intervention can prevent complications and help ensure a smoother recovery.
Preventive Measures to Stay Healthy
Prevention is the best defense against colds and the flu. Here are some practical steps to stay healthy:
1. Vaccinations
Flu shots are highly recommended for cancer patients and survivors. They’re a safe and effective way to reduce the risk of severe illness. It’s best to consult your doctor about the timing of the flu vaccine, especially if you’re undergoing treatment.
2. Hygiene Practices
Good hygiene can go a long way in preventing infections. Regularly wash your hands with soap and water, use hand sanitizer when needed, and avoid touching your face, especially your eyes, nose, and mouth.
3. Avoiding Crowds
During peak cold and flu season, try to avoid crowded places where germs spread easily. If you need to go out, wearing a KN95 or N-95 mask, which tightly fits to your face, and maintaining social distance can reduce your risk.
4. Minimizing Contact with Sick Individuals
If someone around you is showing symptoms of a cold or flu, it’s best to keep your distance. Politely explain the importance of limiting exposure for your health.
Boosting Immunity Through Nutrition and Lifestyle
A strong immune system is your best defense. Supporting it through good nutrition and healthy habits can make a difference.
Nutritional Tips
Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains provides essential nutrients for your immune system. Some foods, like citrus fruits, leafy greens, and nuts, are especially beneficial for their vitamin and antioxidant content. By the way, there’s no evidence that avoiding uncooked or fresh fruits and vegetables can prevent “neutropenic fever” or neutropenic infections.
Staying Hydrated
Drinking plenty of water helps keep your body functioning well. Aim for 8-10 glasses of water daily, and include herbal teas or broths if you prefer.
Supplements and Vitamins
Certain supplements, like vitamin D, vitamin C, and zinc, may support immune health. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplements to ensure they’re safe for your specific situation.
Exercise and Sleep
Regular exercise, even gentle activities like walking or yoga, can strengthen your body. Prioritizing sleep is equally important; aim for 7-9 hours of quality rest each night to allow your body to repair and rejuvenate.
Managing Cold and Flu Symptoms Safely
If you do catch a cold or the flu, managing symptoms safely is essential. Here are some tips:
Over-the-Counter Medications
Some cold and flu medications are safe for cancer patients, but it’s important to consult your doctor or pharmacist first. They can guide you on what’s safe given your current treatments or medications.
Home Remedies
Simple home remedies can help alleviate symptoms:
- Drink warm fluids like tea with honey to soothe a sore throat.
- Use a humidifier to keep air moist and ease coughing.
- Try saline nasal sprays to relieve congestion.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Don’t hesitate to call your doctor if symptoms worsen or if you experience high fever, difficulty breathing, or persistent vomiting. Again, a reminder to seek advice from your cancer care team if you have recently (within the last 10 days) had chemotherapy infusions. Prompt treatment can prevent more serious complications.
Special Considerations for Caregivers of Cancer Patients
Caregivers play a vital role in protecting their loved ones from colds and the flu while managing their own health.
Protecting Yourself and Your Loved One
Stay up-to-date on your own vaccinations and practice good hygiene to reduce the risk of bringing germs into the home. Wear a mask and sanitize frequently touched surfaces.
Managing Stress
Caregiving can be stressful, which can weaken your immune system. Take breaks when needed, and prioritize your own well-being through relaxation techniques, exercise, and proper sleep.
Seeking Support
There are many resources available for caregivers, from support groups to counseling services. Don’t hesitate to reach out for help when you need it.
We “get it” because we’ve been there
The Manta Cares team is composed of cancer survivors, caregivers, oncologists and nurses - so we truly understand the challenges that come with a cancer diagnosis because we’ve been there. We are here to walk with you as you go through your own cancer experience. Please don’t hesitate to reach out with any questions. We have even developed Your Cancer GPS™, a platform with disease-specific step-by-step maps to show you all the paths you might face during your cancer experience, future treatment options and connect you with relevant support and resources. Sign up for access to the Your Cancer GPS™ platform here.
Be sure to subscribe to our newsletter and check out our free resources like our Chemotherapy Checklist for Caregivers, Financial Checklist for Cancer Treatment and more. We also put out a bi-weekly podcast called the Patient from Hell to educate, empower and hopefully inspire you as you go through this crappy experience. You can listen on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, YouTube or anywhere you listen to podcasts. Dealing with cancer as a patient or caregiver can feel really lonely. Just know that you are not alone in this experience.
Conclusion
Navigating cold and flu season while managing or recovering from breast cancer requires extra caution and care. By staying proactive with preventive measures, supporting your immune system, and addressing symptoms early, you can protect your health and well-being. Caregivers, too, play a crucial role in creating a safe and healthy environment. Remember, small steps can make a big difference.
Disclaimer: All content and information provided in connection with Manta Cares is solely intended for informational and educational purposes only. This content and information is not intended to be a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.